ShackTac ArmA2 TTP2 Guide/Leadership/Tactical Decision Making

Last-modified: 2015-05-05 (火) 17:44:58
ShackTac ArmA2 TTP2 Guide
 

t_lead_tactdecision.gif

 

What to Watch For

The job of a leader becomes one of execution, supervision, adaptation, and flexibility once the mission begins. With the operations order as a guideline, each leader ensures that his element's part of the plan is carried out to the best possible degree. Whether a fireteam leader, squad leader, or platoon commander, every leader shares a set of common responsibilities that scale with their level of leadership.
一旦ミッションが始まれば,リーダーの仕事は遂行,管理,適応および柔軟性のうちのどれかになります。指針としての作戦命令を用いて,各リーダーは,彼の作戦の一環が可能な限り最高水準で行われるよう努めます。それとファイアチームリーダー,分隊長,小隊長,全てのリーダーは指揮階級相応の共通責任の一組を分担します。

General & Pre-Combat

The first of these responsibilities is simply those things that any leader must be on the watch for throughout the mission. In the pre-combat phases of a mission, leadership is concerned with a variety of things that are intended to maximize the chance for friendly success while at the same time minimizing the possible influence or impact of the enemy.
これらの責任の第一にどんなリーダーでもミッション全体を把握していなければならないことです。作戦の戦闘する前の段階で,リーダーを務めているものは,味方が成功するチャンスを最大限にすると同時に敵の勢力や脅威を最小限にする様々な事柄に気を配ります。

  • Where is the enemy? Finding the enemy is always extremely important. If you were in his position, where would you be?
  • 敵はどこ? 敵を見つけることは極めて重要です。もし貴方が敵の立場なら何処にいますか?
  • Are elements moving according to orders? If they are not, find out why from the senior member in charge of the given element(s). If their reason is a valid tactical consideration, shift their orders to account for it. If they have no reason and have simply 'goofed', redirect them towards the proper course of action.
  • 命令に従って移動している部隊は? もし移動して無いなら,部隊を担当する上級兵から理由を聞いてください。もし彼らの根拠が戦術的に有効な判断であれば,それに準ずる命令に変えてもらってください。もし理由も無く,単に"杜撰"なだけの場合は,適切な行動過程へ向け直してください。
  • Are the formation and intervals being employed appropriate to the terrain and enemy threat? If not, remind the element leaders of the desired formation and interval, and ensure that it is understood and executed. Ensure that you continually evaluate the terrain and take full advantage of what it provides.
  • 編隊と部隊の間隔は地形および敵脅威で適切に使用されていますか? もし使用していないのであれば,好ましい陣形および部隊の間隔を部隊長に気づかせて,理解して実行されるよう努めてください。常に地形を把握し最大限活用できるよう努めてください。
  • Are the elements within supporting distance of each other? Particularly at the higher levels, it is important to ensure that fireteams and squads maintain mutual support when moving, in accordance with the operations order. A squad or fireteam that is off on its own can be cut off, surrounded, and destroyed before the other squads or fireteams can react and move into supporting distance. Maintaining overwatch and mutual support is a key factor of preventing any given element from being 'fixed' and destroyed by the enemy. The terrain will determine how much distance equates to 'supporting distance' - in close terrain it will be much shorter than in more open terrain, and the weapon systems being used will likewise have an impact due to their effective ranges.
  • 部隊は互いに支援距離内ですか? 特に高いレベルでは,作戦命令に従って移動する場合,ファイアチームと分隊が相互支援を維持できるよう務めるのが重要です。離れていると他の分隊かファイアチームが対応できる支援距離内へ入る前に,分隊かファイアチームはそのまま分断され,囲まれ,撃破されます。見張りを維持しながらの相互支援は,敵によって所定の部隊を"固定"され,かつ撃破されるのを防ぐ主な要因です。開けた地形よりもはるかに狭い閉鎖的な地形であれば,武器体系(weapon system)も有効射程に起因して同様に影響され使用されるでしょう。
  • Are there any gaps or weaknesses that the enemy could exploit? Is security being maintained, especially when moving? When doing large coordinated movements, it's important to ensure that no gaps form in the movement formation. Leaders should pay attention to the spacing of the elements, the drift that can naturally occur from movement in rough terrain, and adjust accordingly to ensure a solid collective formation.
  • 敵に利用される隙間や弱点はありますか? 特に移動中,安全性が維持されていますか?大規模な協調移動を行う場合,ギャップが移動フォーメーションに生じないことを保証することは重要です。リーダーは部隊の間隔に注意(荒い土地での移動から自然に発生し,堅実な集合的フォーメーションを保証するために従い調節すること)を払うべきです。
 
map_split_between_squads.jpg
 
"In this example, a gap has developed between Bravo and Alpha squads.
Noticing this before it becomes a problem is an important part of being a leader."
"この例では,ブラボー分隊とアルファ分隊の間で間隔が開いてしまっています。
問題になる前にこれに気付くことがリーダーが存在する重要な部分です。"
 
  • Are key elements (ie: AT) moving in a position from which they can do their job with short notice? If important assets are lagging behind the formation or are otherwise out of place, the whole formation will need to slow down to accommodate them. Stumbling onto enemy armor when your AT assets are slogging hundreds of meters behind the main formation is not a situation you want to ever get into.
  • 重要な部隊(ie:AT)は,短い通知によって仕事をすることができるポジションに動いているか? もし重要なアセットがポジションに遅れをとっているか,離れているなら,全体のフォーメーションは,適応させるために速度を落とす必要がある。主要フォーメーションの数百メートル後ろであなたのATアセットが攻撃する時に敵戦車のじゃまになっている事は,好ましい状況ではない。
  • Is a point element being used? If not, should one be designated? Is recon being properly utilized?
  • ポイント部隊が使われているか? そうじゃないなら,指定されるべきであるか?reconが適切に利用されているか?
  • Does everyone know what to do when contact is made? While this will often be a "SOP" reaction-to-contact drill, there will also be times where specific guidance will need to be given about what to do if contact is made in a specific fashion, or in a particular area. For instance, it may be necessary to 'fight through' any contacts due to a variety of METT-TC considerations, versus getting bogged down in a firefight with them. Knowing this, players will be able to conduct a running firefight as their first reaction, instead of having to be specifically ordered to.
  • 誰もが,コンタクトした時に何をするかを知っているか?しばしばこれが"SOP"リアクショントゥコンタクトドリルである、もし具体的なファッション、または特定のエリアでコンタクトがされるならば、具体的なガイダンスをすることについて与えられる必要がある時もある。例えば、各種のMETT-TC考慮によるどのようなコンタクトでも 、それは'戦い'に必要であるかもしれない 。
  • Are the rules of engagement clear? If in doubt, restate them to your junior players. It never hurts to ensure that everyone is crystal clear on the ROE - better to be safe than sorry.
  • エンゲージクリアのルールは? 不明な点がある場合は、新米プレイヤーに重ねて言え。後悔するより安全であることがよりよい - それは、誰もがROEが明確であることを確実にするために不都合なことはありません。
  • Is the situation as described in the OPORD? If not, do changes need to be made? Despite best efforts, the operations order may sometimes be incorrect due to faulty intel, a mis-read map, or similar. It is important that leaders are able to identify discrepancies between "what we're supposed to see" and "what we actually see" and react accordingly.
  • OPORDに記載されているような状況か? そうじゃない場合は、変更が必要か?最善の努力にもかかわらず、作戦は時々不完全なインテル、ミスリードした地図、間違っている可能性がある命令。それは、リーダー達は、"私たちが見るもの"と"私たちは何を実際に見る"、それに応じて反応の間の不一致を識別することができることが重要だ。

Combat

Once combat has begun, leaders work to get an understanding of the tactical situation so that they can employ their troops most effectively. The higher the leadership level, the less they are concerned with actually fighting, and the more they are looking to find weaknesses in the enemy and exploit them.
戦闘が始まった後は、リーダーたちは、最も効果的に軍隊を採用することができるように、戦術シミュレーションの理解を得るために働け。高いリーダーシップレベルが、より少なく実際に戦って、敵の弱点をより多く見つけ、活用するために探すことを願う。

 

In combat, leaders pay attention to the following aspects. All of these help them to size up the situation, make tactical decisions, and issue orders appropriate to the situation at hand.
戦闘では、リーダーたちは、次の事に注意を払え。拡大する状況をすべて助ける目前の状況に応じる適切な戦術の決定、および状況の命令を行え。

  • Where is the enemy? How many of them are there? What weapons and special assets do they have?
  • 敵はどこだ? 人数は?装備は?
  • Have your troops deployed properly? Are they taking up good positions? If not, are there better positions nearby that they could fight to? If so, conduct a tactical maneuver towards the new position and continue to fight from there.
  • 自軍は正しく展開してるか? 良いポジションを取ってるか?取ってないなら、そこより良いポジションは、戦うことができる近くにあるか?あるなら、新しい位置に向かって戦術移動を行い、そこで戦いを続けろ。
  • Has fire superiority been achieved? Is the enemy being suppressed? Are they fixed by your fires?
  • 射撃の優位性を実現してるか? 敵は抑圧されてるか?敵は射撃で固定されてるか?
  • Are special assets, such as attached teams or vehicles, "in the fight"?
  • "戦闘で"、チームや車両などに特殊兵器はあるか?
  • Can any supporting assets be brought to bear? Artillery and CAS, if available, should be utilized whenever feasible.
  • 任意のサポート兵器はよこせるか? ArtilleryとCAS、利用可能な場合は、いつでも利用すべきだ。
  • Considering the initial enemy and friendly situation, can you win the fight from where you are, with the tactics you're currently employing or plan to employ? Is there a better way, and if so, what would be required to execute it?
  • 最初の敵と味方の状況を考えると、現在採用または採用を計画している戦術でどこから戦闘を勝つことができるか? 良い方法があるなら、何を実行する必要があるか?
  • Are friendly flanks protected and has 360° security been established? Are troops watching for the enemy's flanking attempts?
  • 味方の側面は、保護されており、360°の安全が確立されてるか? 敵側の行動を監視する部隊がいるか?
  • Are there any vulnerabilities with how the enemy has positioned himself? Anything that you can exploit to gain a tactical advantage over them? What about the enemy's flanks or rear?
  • 敵のポジションで脆弱性はあるか? 戦術的優位を得るために何か活用することができるか?敵の側面や背面はどうだ?
  • What friendly elements can be maneuvered? What elements can support? Where can a SBF or BOF be positioned, and what options does the terrain give you? Should you flank the enemy? Pincer them? Assault?
  • 何の味方部隊を操作することができるか? 何の部隊がサポートできるか?どこのSBFまたはBOFを配置することができ、地形でどのようなオプションを与えるか?敵に隣接する必要があるか?挟撃?襲撃?
  • What is the enemy currently doing, and can you prevent him from being effective? Are you preventing him already?
  • 現在敵が何をして、有効的に防ぐことができるか? すでに防いでいるか?
  • What is the enemy likely to do? How can you best prevent the enemy from being effective if he does what you think he will do?
  • 実行する可能性が高い敵とは何か?敵が何をするか知っている場合はどのように最良の効果で敵を防ぐことができるか?
  • How is the fight progressing? Are casualties being dealt with appropriately? Can you still win the fight? If not, break contact and disengage per "Anatomy of a Firefight" in the "Tactics" page of this guide.

Post-Combat

After the fight has been won, leaders work towards consolidating, establishing security, finding out the status of all units, and then getting their troops into shape to fight again if need be. They ask themselves the following questions as soon as the post-combat phase begins, and take whatever action is necessary to correct any issues that may exist.

  • Has security been established? Nothing should happen until it has been. Security includes checking the enemy to ensure that they're dead, moving to the best positions possible, going firm, and establishing a 360° perimeter security screen around friendly forces.
  • What is the status of friendly forces? Get situation reports (SITREPs) as well as more detailed ACE reports from all elements as time and the situation allow.
  • Ammunition.
    • How much ammo remains? Is it enough to be effective in the current mission?
  • Casualties
    • Wounded.
    • Killed.
  • Equipment
    • Vehicles & status.
    • Anti-Tank capability remaining.
    • Special equipment (ie satchels) remaining.
    • Hostile weapons acquired, what exactly they are, and what teams have them. Ensure that all friendly forces are aware if enemy weapons are being employed by friendlies, as this lessons the chance for friendly fire.
    • Anything lost of significance.
  • Is medical aid needed? Are medics tending to casualties already, and are they able to tend to the wounded effectively with the gear they have? Has an aid station been established? Is 'medical clustering' being avoided?
  • Does the friendly force need any reorganization?
    • If leadership casualties were taken, have replacements stepped up and taken charge of their respective elements? If so, what are the names of the new leaders?
    • If KIA's have been sustained, do any elements need to be merged with other ones to bring them back to an effective state? An attrited fireteam of two people is better merged with a healthy fireteam than left by itself, for example.
  • Do key weapons and ammo need to be redistributed? This will be based largely on the ACE reports received.
    • Have key weapon systems been recovered from any KIAs?
    • Has ammo been collected from any KIAs?
    • If one squad or element has more ammo than another, redistribution of the ammo can be done if the tactical situation allows.
  • What is the next step in the mission, and what needs to be done to prepare for it? Since missions usually involve more than one combat engagement, it is important to remember that everything you do post-combat is meant to get you back into shape to fight another engagement.
 
Previous Index Next